The Death and Journey of the Egyptian Soul

No other country- not even China or India had such a long history as Ancient Egypt. For nearly, 3,000 years forward the birth of Jesus, the Egyptians had al demandy a high developed civilization. The Egyptians lived in an smashing government they built great st one and except(a) structures nearly of important of all(prenominal) they established an acquired religion. For the Egyptians there was no break between their spectral beliefs and their ein justiceday lifetime. Even their culture would all lie at the bottom comp bed to their sacred beliefs.For an example, Egyptian art was never reflected as a representation however, it was a sense of symbolismic pictures that spoke of the life of the gods and the hope of eternity to come. This disposition for the renewal of life, and the creative urge to ensure it by ritual and symbolization existed in Egypt from the earliest times of the Neolithic Era. Archaeologist were able to disclose clay figurines of Osiris laced with sp routing corn. As the corn grew the model would open, as an image of life-in- dying. Archaeologist were in any case able to find that their people also liked to keep the dead close to them.The Egyptians soon came to believe profoundly that the goodly administration of the dead, just like the management of the Niles weewee could lead to an everlasting life. Many opine of the Ancient Egyptians as a morbid, death-obsessed people. We think of this because all of what we have uncovered is mummies, tombs, and graves. However, we have intercourse more or so the Egyptians in death than what we know about their lives. Since, the earliest times the Egyptians were very passionately concerned with the continued existence of their loved ones and their intellects.The idea that Osiris had passes by dint of death and processionn into a new life was deeply root in the Egyptian consciousness that Osiris had to struggle against the forces of detestation. So did the valet de chambre soul no w following him to gain eternity. By 2,500 BCE, sufficeful instructions, cognize as the gain texts were carved or painted on tomb walls to help the soul act in the various trials of it journey in the snake pit (also referred to as the Under World). A thousand years later, in the sunrise(prenominal) Kingdom, these instructions had been formalized into The Coming into Day, or The Egyptian make of the Dead.This sorcerous text for the underworld journey was a set of mends, in potbellytations, and mummification techniques intentional to help the dead person resurrect into a glorious time to come in heaven, or The Hall of the 2 Truths. These mystical texts atomic number 18 from the saucy Kingdom. The similar ones that were found in the pyramids from the Old Kingdom, and the coffins were from the Middle Kingdom. One can imagine these text by thinking about how church rituals are run. One goes to church, and the rituals are holy texts that come from a harbor known as the bib le or genesis.In Ancient Egypt, these burial rituals are not read from a book. At first gear, they are read at once off of the wall in inner chambers of a pyramid later they were read directly off sides of the coffins. The Coming into Day, which was from the New Kingdom, was read off of paper plant sheets, much as religious rituals are like a shot as they are read out of books. The Book of the Dead was to be relatively cheap to purchase. As an Egyptian that had more riches in the New Kingdom, one would be able to buy a repeat that would have blanks where the name go.A scribe would be hired to run low into the name in all those blank vagrant. In the text, the blank spots were the name of the deceased. The letter N indicates it. If there were no name to be put in it they would refer to the Dead person as N. Wealthy Egyptians had a personalized version prepared before their death so galore(postnominal) versions have been discovered. One of the most famous one was created for A ni, a Royal Scribe, who lived during the nineteenth dynasty, and died in 1250 BC. If one were to die or a loved one dies, one would be buried with the papyrus scroll.As a result, a some of these texts survived. In the book the carcass was represented as the Ka. The Ka was the spiritual soundbox that everyone had, which was the mirror image of the corpo truly ashes. When a person died it was the Ka, which lived on in the underworld. The Ka was not trapped wrong a material body but lived symbiotically with it. This was why it was so vital to preserve the bodies of those who were believed to be dungeon in the future world. In many of the great Egyptian tombs, spare heads and faces were buried with the mummified body in case the mummy should be damaged.Many of the spells in the book for the dead are for protecting the physical body so that the Ka body could live free and happy in the Underworld. One of the most swell renowned segments in the book of the dead is the Hall of Maa t, which is first introduced in the book. The Hall of Matt is where the judgement of the dead was preformed. The g matchlessess Matt stands for truth, justice, morals and balance. The symbol that was used to shows ones innocence was the bone marrow. The Egyptians believed the kernel was one of the most sacred parts of the body.In the Book of the Dead, it was the heart that was weighed against the feather of Maat to actualise if an individual was worthy of joining Osiris in the afterlife. In the book Anubis, the Jackal god of embalming leads N to the masters of Maat to be weighed. Anubis then weighs the heart against the feather to see if it is worthy. As, Thoth, the god of wisdom is right next to the scale entering the results. If passing this test one will be brought by Horus to meet Osiris, the king of the dead.To claim the purity and the principles of a sinless life is known as The Declaration of Innocence. Here during the Declarations of Independence, N (the deceased one) moldiness claim his innocence. Much of this declaration was based on causing pitying suffrage and about taking care of everything that surrounds them. Many of these ethical laws rival to the work social and personal goals according to Truth. It was important for N to support innocence because nothing evil shall happen to go against N because N has proven innocence. After the declaration of innocence it was vital for N to know the name of the Gods. It was important for the deceased to know these names because the Gods lived on Truth. fall to you, O you who are in the Hall of Justice who have no lies in your bodies, who live on truth and gulp down truth in the presence of Horus who is in his disc. Since the Gods lived on Truth it was up to the Gods to fork over and protect the soul of the deceased. That was the start of the introductory hymns to the Gods, which took up the first few chapters. One in particular is the Re, the Sun God. The ancient Egyptians considered Re as the cr eator of people. That is conceivably why Re is the first God listed in the Book of the Dead. another(prenominal) God in the first few chapters is Osiris.Osiris is the god of death and re-birth, underworld and earth. Primarily in the first few chapters are hymns and praises to Gods. The beginning of the book is a transition to what I feel is the most important part, the afterlife rituals. Starting at chapters twenty-one and twenty-two, the large(p) to happen an afterlife begins. One that stuck out to me was chapter two. This chapter is for out into the day and living after.O you bushel One who shine in the moon, O you resole One who glow in the sun, may Ani go forth from among those multitudes of yours who are outside, may those who in the sunshine release him This section from the chapter means that the Sole One, you is being freed into the daylight. An additional chapter that was very interesting was chapter seventy-four. This chapter talked about being swift-footed when expi ration out from the earth. Part of the chapter reads, I shine in the sky, I surface to the sky. This means to me that your passage to afterlife should be buoyant and easy. Many of the chapters were similarly to one another in the middle of the book however, each had a very distinct difference from one another. The book it seems to refer to how to obtain an afterlife.That starts out with the process of giving a mouth, magic, heart, or etc for Ani begins. One part of the body that is given is the mouth. The mouth would be open by Ptah, who was the human god the creator of Memphis would open the mouth. This part was fairly important in the book because N would be able to speak in the presence of the Gods. By this it also protects N. As for any magic spell of any words which may be uttered against me, the gods will rise up against it, even the entire Ennead. Another section of the book that was enchantment was the chapters about shifting.These began and lasted from chapters sevent y to eighty. One of the main chapters in the section was the shimmy from human to a divine falcon. In the chapter it indeed depicts the actual transformation from the entry to the passage out. In this chapter there was also a real dialogue between character, which I found to be odd considering it was only the second dialogue was used besides the beginning of the book. The falcon mustiness be one of the most important creatures in ancient Egypt because of its mention if the Book of the Dead and its use in the Egyptian writing, hieroglyphics. Another transformation is from human to crocodile.That is very interesting because there is also a transformation into a swallow. The connection between both is somewhat odd because a crocodile is supposed to evil and a swallow is a symbol of innocence. Those transformations are quite the opposite. The chapters were very interesting on the transformations because it was uncanny to see what the Egyptians thought of some of the animals and birds. My favorite chapter of the whole book was the Hall of the Two Truths. The Hall of Two Truths is where a persons would and actions from their life get weighed. If the balance is even between good and evil, the soul is sent to an afterlife.If the evil side over weighs the good side, then the person is sent to a bad place. The person must actually ask, Do you know the names of the swiftness and lower portions of the doors? This I think means have you weighed my good and evil. Then the person says, Lord of Truth, Master of his Two Legs is the name of the upper portion Lord of Strength, the One who commands the Cattle is the name of the Lower. These I think means did my good outweigh my evil. This chapter was the most interesting to me because it really draw what happens at the hall of the Two Truths.The lives of the ancient Egyptians were based upon religious gods and texts. The Egyptian Book of the Dead was perhaps the most important written record of the importance. It was essent ially a book of praises and hymns to the Egyptian Gods. This book was one of the many ways to enter a complete afterlife. The Egyptian society firmly believed and based their lives on the Book of the Dead is on it phrases and hymns to the ancient Egyptian Gods and afterlife passage. The rest of the book just ends with what it started out with, which were eulogistic praises to the Gods. culture the Book of the Dead made me think more about how religious the Egyptians truly were. I think the Book of the Dead was in accompaniment the key of their whole culture. If they hadnt believed so strongly in something their propose of living might have ceased to exist because afterlife is what made them go on with their lives and essentially the Book of the Dead was the passage to their blissful afterlife. The Egyptians believably had one of the most influential civilizations in all of history and the Book of the Dead was one of the key elements that made Egyptians have such a strong era.